目錄
第一章 通用規(guī)定 ................................................................................................. 1
第1 條 適用范圍 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
第2 條 概述 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
2.1 設(shè)計(jì)文件 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2.2 不可預(yù)見(jiàn)的技術(shù)情況 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
2.3 設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算（條件）的限制性規(guī)定 .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
第3 條 材料的性質(zhì),，來(lái)源及質(zhì)量 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
3.1 混凝土的設(shè)計(jì),、生產(chǎn)和檢測(cè) .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
3.2 填方 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
第4 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
4.1 基坑壁的支撐,、支護(hù)和防護(hù) .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
4.2 施工圖 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
第5 條 定位 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
第6 條 施工 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
6.1 準(zhǔn)備工程 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
6.2 建點(diǎn)和施工設(shè)備 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
6.3 水下混凝土施工 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
6.4 施工后基坑的回填 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7
第7 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
7.1 施工的總體組織機(jī)構(gòu) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
7.2 施工程序 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9
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7.3 跟蹤文件 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................10
7.4 分界面的處理（*） ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................10
7.5 《質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃》（PAQ）的展開(kāi)程度 ............................................................................................................................................................................................10
7.6 《質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃》（PAQ）的編制階段 ............................................................................................................................................................................................11
第二章 直接設(shè)置于地面上的基礎(chǔ) ...................................................................... 12
第8 條 適用范圍 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................12
第9 條 材料的性質(zhì),、來(lái)源及質(zhì)量 .........................................................................................................................................................................................................12
第10 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................12
10.1 基坑開(kāi)挖（*） .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................12
10.2 防水設(shè)施及排水 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................13
第11 條 定位允許誤差 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................14
第12 條 施工 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................14
12.1 基坑底部的清理和驗(yàn)收 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................14
12.2 貧混凝土 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................16
12.3 基礎(chǔ)工程的施工 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................16
第13 條 試驗(yàn)和檢查 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17
第14 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17
第三章 預(yù)制樁基礎(chǔ) ............................................................................................ 18
第15 條 適用范圍 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
15.1 鋼筋混凝土樁 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
15.2 預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土管樁 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
15.3 鋼樁 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
15.4 外包混凝土鋼樁 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
第16 條 材料的性質(zhì)，來(lái)源和質(zhì)量* ......................................................................................................................................................................................................19
16.1 鋼材 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................19
16.2 混凝土和砂漿 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................19
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第17 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
17.1 鋼筋混凝土樁 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 20
17.2 預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土管樁 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21
17.3 鋼樁 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 22
17.4 外包混凝土鋼樁 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23
第18 條 定位 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
18.1 樁位布置圖（打樁圖） .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 24
18.2 允許誤差 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
第19 條 （沉樁）施工 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 25
19.1 搬運(yùn) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 25
19.2 施工 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 25
19.3 樁頭修平和切頭 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26
第20 條 試驗(yàn)和檢測(cè) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27
20.1 有關(guān)施工的檢查記錄 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27
20.2 樁定位的檢查 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 27
20.3 調(diào)查試驗(yàn)（*） ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 28
20.4 檢查試驗(yàn) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
第21 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
第四章 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工樁基礎(chǔ)和開(kāi)挖深井基礎(chǔ) .......................................................... 30
第22 條 適用范圍 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
22.1 夯實(shí)打入樁 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
22.2 灌注打入樁 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
22.3 簡(jiǎn)單鉆孔樁 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
22.4 套管鉆孔樁 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
22.5 空心鉆鉆孔樁 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 31
22.6 泥漿鉆孔樁 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
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22.7 （人工）開(kāi)挖深井基礎(chǔ) ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................31
22.8 組合式深基礎(chǔ) ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................31
第23 條 材料的性質(zhì),、來(lái)源和質(zhì)量 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................32
23.1 鋼材 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................32
23.2 混凝土 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................32
23.3 鉆孔泥漿（*） .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................33
第24 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................35
24.1 概述 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................35
24.2 鋼筋和套管 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................35
第25 條 定位 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................35
25.1 樁位布置圖（打樁圖） ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................35
25.2 樁的軸線之間的距離 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................36
25.3 允許誤差（*） .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................36
第26 條 施工 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 37
26.1 鋼筋籠的搬運(yùn),、存放和安裝 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
26.2 混凝土澆筑樁或澆注開(kāi)挖深井基礎(chǔ)的一般規(guī)定 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 37
26.3 夯實(shí)打入樁的施工 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................38
26.4 灌注打入樁的施工 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................40
26.5 簡(jiǎn)單鉆孔樁的施工 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................41
26.6 套管鉆孔樁的施工 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................42
26.7 空心鉆頭鉆孔樁的施工 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................43
26.8 泥漿鉆孔樁的施工 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................45
26.9 開(kāi)挖深井基礎(chǔ)的施工 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 47
26.10 樁頂和井口的鑿平和切頭 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................48
第27 條 試驗(yàn)和檢測(cè) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................49
27.1 有關(guān)施工的檢查記錄 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................49
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27.2 樁和深井基礎(chǔ)的定位檢測(cè) .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 50
27.3 調(diào)查試驗(yàn) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 50
27.4 檢查試驗(yàn) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 51
第28 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 51
第五章 沉箱基礎(chǔ) ............................................................................................... 52
第29 條 適用范圍 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 52
第30 條 材料的性質(zhì)、來(lái)源及質(zhì)量 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 52
第31 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 52
第32 條 定位 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 53
32.1 概述 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 53
32.2 允許誤差 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 53
第33 條 施工 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
33.1 一般規(guī)定 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
33.2 重力下沉沉箱的特殊規(guī)定 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 54
第34 條 試驗(yàn)和檢測(cè) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 55
第 35 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 55
第六章 板樁和板樁墻 ........................................................................................ 56
第36 條 適用范圍 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56
第37 條 材料的性質(zhì),、來(lái)源和質(zhì)量 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56
第38 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 57
38.1 概述 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 57
38.2 電化學(xué)的兼容性 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 58
38.3 拼裝 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 58
38.4 特殊的組件 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 58
38.5 切割 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 59
38.6 支撐和支座設(shè)施的施工 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 59
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第39 條 定位 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................61
39.1 一般規(guī)則 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................61
39.2 允許誤差 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 62
第40 條 施工 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 62
40.1 施工計(jì)劃 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 62
40.2 沉樁計(jì)劃 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................63
40.3 運(yùn)輸,、搬運(yùn)和存放 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................64
40.4 導(dǎo)向裝置及導(dǎo)向靠模 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................64
40.5 打入（樁） .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................65
40.6 沉樁過(guò)程的跟蹤 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................65
40.7 射水沉樁 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................66
40.8 樁的抗沉 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 67
40.9 土方工程的管理 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 67
40.10 樁頭切割 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 67
第41 條 試驗(yàn)和檢測(cè) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................68
第42 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................69
第七章 地下（連續(xù)）澆注墻 ............................................................................. 70
第43 條 適用范圍 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 70
第44 條 材料的性質(zhì)、來(lái)源和質(zhì)量 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 70
第45 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 70
45.1 連續(xù)墻墻板的形狀,,、接縫 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 70
45.2 鋼筋 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 70
45.3 設(shè)置支撐或支座裝置 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 72
第46 條 定位 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................73
46.1 概述 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................73
46.2 鑲板圖（*） .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................73
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46.3 允許誤差 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 73
第47 條 施工 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 74
47.1 導(dǎo)向和調(diào)直裝置 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 74
47.2 開(kāi)挖施工 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 74
47.3 鋼筋籠的搬運(yùn),、存放和安裝 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 76
47.4 混凝土澆注管 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 76
47.5 墻板的鑿平和墻板切頭 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 76
47.6 連續(xù)墻周圍土方工程的管理 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
47.7 砌面的處理 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
第48 條 試驗(yàn)和檢測(cè) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
48.1 有關(guān)施工的記錄 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 77
48.2 墻板定位的檢測(cè) .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 78
48.3 調(diào)查試驗(yàn) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 78
48.4 檢測(cè)試驗(yàn) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 79
第49 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 79
第八章 嵌入土中的（連續(xù)）預(yù)制墻 ................................................................. 80
第50 條 適用范圍 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 80
第51 條 材料的性質(zhì)、來(lái)源和質(zhì)量 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 80
51.1 鉆孔泥漿 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 80
51.2 密封灰漿或密封混凝土 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 81
51.3 預(yù)制墻板的組成混凝土 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 81
51.4 砌面處理用產(chǎn)品 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 81
第52 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 81
52.1 預(yù)制板的形狀,，接縫 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 81
52.2 鋼筋 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 82
第53 條 定位 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 82
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53.1 概述 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................82
53.2 鑲板圖 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................82
53.3 允許誤差 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................83
第54 條 施工 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................83
54.1 調(diào)直,、導(dǎo)向和懸掛裝置 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................83
54.2 開(kāi)挖施工 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................84
54.3 預(yù)制構(gòu)件的搬運(yùn)、存放及施工 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................85
54.4 墻板周圍土方工程的管理 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................85
第55 條 試驗(yàn)與檢測(cè) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................86
55.1 施工檢查 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................86
55.2 預(yù)制墻板定位的檢查 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................86
55.3 調(diào)查試驗(yàn) ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................86
55.4 檢測(cè)試驗(yàn) ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................86
第56 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................86
第九章 “柏林式”地下（連續(xù)）墻 ...................................................................... 87
第57 條 適用范圍 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 87
第58 條 材料的性質(zhì),、來(lái)源和質(zhì)量 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 88
58.1 密封用混凝土或者灰漿 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 88
58.2 回填用料 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................89
第59 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................89
59.1 概述 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................89
59.2 金屬構(gòu)件 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................90
59.3 鋼筋混凝土或預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土構(gòu)件 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................90
59.4 噴射混凝土構(gòu)件 ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................90
59.5 木質(zhì)構(gòu)件 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................91
59.6 支撐裝置 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................91
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59.7 無(wú)筋混凝土構(gòu)件 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 91
59.8 垂直構(gòu)件的密封 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 92
第60 條 定位 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 92
60.1 打樁圖 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 92
60.2 允許誤差 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 92
第61 條 施工 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 93
61.1 施工計(jì)劃 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 93
61.2 土方工程,、支護(hù)和支撐計(jì)劃 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 94
61.3 運(yùn)輸、搬運(yùn)與存放 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 95
61.4 土方工程的管理 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 95
61.5 支撐和支座裝置的安裝就位（*） ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 95
第62 條 試驗(yàn)與檢測(cè) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 96
第63 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 97
第十章 降低地下水位 ........................................................................................ 98
第64 條 適用范圍 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 98
第65 條 設(shè)計(jì)文件 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 99
第66 條 材料的性質(zhì),、來(lái)源和質(zhì)量 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 99
第67 條 結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 100
第68 條 降低地下水位施工的檢查 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 101
第69 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 102
第十一章 灌漿基礎(chǔ) ..........................................................................................102
第70 條 適用范圍 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 102
70.1 土層的處理 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 102
70.2 構(gòu)造物的處理 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 103
第71 條 研究文件 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 103
第72 條 材料的性質(zhì),、來(lái)源和質(zhì)量 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 104
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第73 條 預(yù)先布置 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 105
第74 條 灌漿施工 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 106
第75 條 灌漿的檢測(cè) .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 107
第76 條 質(zhì)量保證計(jì)劃 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 107